varnish

英 ['vɑːnɪʃ] 美['vɑrnɪʃ]

第三人称单数: varnishes;过去式: varnished;过去分词: varnished;现在分词: varnishing;

1. 凡立水，即英文Varnish的音译。凡立水是绝缘漆的俗称。台湾人爱用这个词。
2. 清漆（凡立水）——不含着色物质的一类涂料。涂于底材时，能形成具有保护、装饰或特殊性能的透明漆膜。
3. 凡立水又称假漆。人造漆的一类，有光泽，粘性好。

varnish 清漆

来自拉丁语vernix,芳香树脂，可能来自希腊语Berenike，利比亚古城名，原产地，其字面意思为bring victory(Nike).

varnish: varnish: [14] Varnish may come ultimately from Berenice (Greek Bereníkē), the name of a city in Cyrenaica, Libya, which was credited with the first use of varnishes. Bereníkē became a generic term in medieval Greek, and is thought to lie behind medieval Latin veronix ‘resin used in varnishes’, which passed into English via Old French vernis.
varnish (n.): mid-14c., from Old French vernis "varnish" (12c.), from Medieval Latin vernix "odorous resin," of uncertain origin, perhaps from Late Greek verenike, from Greek Berenike, name of an ancient city in Libya (modern Bengasi) credited with the first use of varnishes. The town is named for Berenike II, queen of Egypt (see Berenice). Figurative sense of "specious gloss, pretense," is recorded from 1560s.
varnish (v.): late 14c.; see varnish (n.). Related: Varnished; varnishing. Century Dictionary defines varnishing day as "A day before the opening of a picture exhibition on which exhibitors have the privilege of retouching or varnishing their pictures after they have been placed on the walls." The custom is said to date to the early years of 19c.

1. Give the cardboard two or three coats of varnish to harden it.: 在纸板上涂两三层清漆使其变硬。

2. Rub the surface of the wood in preparation for the varnish.: 打磨木头的表面，为刷清漆做准备。

4. Varnish the table with two or three coats of water-based varnish.: 给桌子上两到三层的水性清漆。

5. He brought out the fiddle, its varnish cracked and blistered.: 他取出了小提琴，它表面的清漆已出现裂缝，还起了浮泡。